The Eastern Province is where Saudi Arabia's oil industry is run from. Saudi Aramco has its headquarters in Dhahran, a short drive south of Dammam, and the company's own overview describes a workforce of more than 76,000 people and in-Kingdom reserves of 247.2 billion barrels. Contractors, drilling and marine service companies, inspection firms and manning agencies cluster around Dammam and Al Khobar to serve it.
Much of the offshore work lies north and east of Dammam in the Gulf. Safaniya, about 265 km north of Dhahran, is described as the largest offshore oil field in the world and has been in production since 1957. Manifa is a shallow-water heavy-crude development that Aramco built around 27 man-made islands linked by about 41 km of causeways, with additional platforms in the deeper parts of the field. Ras Tanura, on its own peninsula, combines a refinery with a crude export terminal that includes an artificial island and long piers.
On the industrial side, Jubail Industrial City, managed by the Royal Commission for Jubail and Yanbu, covers about 1,016 square kilometres and has refineries, petrochemical plants, two seaports and desalination plants. Dammam's own King Abdulaziz Port handles the marine traffic for the province. For a technician, a rigger, a medic or a marine crew member, this means a steady mix of platform work, vessel work and onshore plant work, each with different certificate expectations.
Hydrogen sulphide is a recognised hazard wherever sour crude and gas are handled, which is why Basic H2S awareness features so often in what people from this area ask us about. Whether it is actually required for your role depends on the site, your employer and the operator's induction rules.
Dhahran
Location of the Saudi Aramco headquarters, about 15 km south of Dammam, with the company's gated community and KFUPM nearby.
Safaniya field
Offshore oil field on the Gulf coast about 265 km north of Dhahran, operated by Saudi Aramco.
Manifa field
Shallow-water heavy-crude field developed using man-made islands and causeways, with platforms in deeper sections.
Ras Tanura
Peninsula with a 550,000 barrel-a-day refinery and a major crude export terminal, reached by road from Dammam and Jubail.
Jubail Industrial City
About 96 km from Dammam; refineries, petrochemicals and two seaports under the Royal Commission.
King Abdulaziz Port, Dammam
Container and general cargo port serving the Eastern Province on the Gulf coast.